Myths and Realities About Solar Energy

In recent years, solar energy has emerged as a leading force in the transition towards renewable energy across the UK and beyond. From residential rooftops to large-scale solar farms, this technology is rapidly changing the way we think about electricity generation. Yet despite its growing presence, a surprising number of myths and misconceptions continue to surround it.

Some claim solar panels are useless in cloudy weather. Others argue the systems are unaffordable or require excessive maintenance. While these notions were rooted in partial truths decades ago, they no longer reflect the reality of today’s solar energy landscape.

In this article, we’ll examine the most common misunderstandings about solar energy and compare them with current facts, with a specific focus on the UK context. By the end, you’ll have a clearer picture of how solar technology truly works, what benefits it offers, and why more homeowners and businesses are making the switch.

“Solar energy is too expensive” – outdated and incorrect

One of the longest-standing myths is that solar panel systems are prohibitively expensive for the average person. In the past, this was partly true, but today the situation has changed dramatically.

The cost of solar technology has fallen considerably in the last decade. According to the UK government and the Solar Energy UK association, the price of residential solar installations has decreased by over 70% since 2010. In combination with government incentives, feed-in tariffs (now replaced with the Smart Export Guarantee), and more competitive installer markets, solar systems have become accessible for a much broader segment of the population.

Moreover, solar panels offer long-term savings. A well-designed system can cut your electricity bills by 50% or more, and the investment is typically recouped in 6 to 10 years. After that, you’ll enjoy low-cost or free electricity for decades.

Do solar panels work in cloudy or rainy weather?

A common misconception in the UK is that solar panels won’t function well because of the country’s famously grey skies. While it’s true that solar systems produce more energy under direct sunlight, they still operate effectively even on cloudy or rainy days.

Modern photovoltaic (PV) panels are capable of capturing diffuse sunlight – the light that filters through clouds – meaning they can still generate a significant amount of electricity even when it’s overcast. In fact, solar panels continue to generate electricity throughout the year, even in the depths of a British winter.

Germany, which receives less solar irradiance than much of the UK, is one of Europe’s solar power leaders. The key is ensuring your system is properly sized and installed to take full advantage of local conditions.

Can solar energy really power an entire home?

Yes – provided the system is correctly sized. Many people assume that solar panels can only supplement their electricity supply, but that’s no longer the case. With the right setup, a solar system can provide all the energy a typical household requires.

An average UK household consumes around 3,600 kWh of electricity per year. A typical domestic solar array of around 10 to 12 panels can cover this usage in most parts of the UK, especially if paired with energy-efficient appliances and smart usage habits.

For those wanting even more control, battery storage systems – such as the Tesla Powerwall or British-made options like Moixa – allow you to store surplus energy produced during the day and use it at night or during peak demand times.

Do solar panels damage your roof?

One myth that deters some homeowners is the fear that installing solar panels could harm their roof. In reality, professional solar installations are designed to be non-invasive and completely safe.

Panels are typically mounted using brackets that are fixed into the rafters and sealed to prevent leaks. Far from damaging your roof, solar panels can actually protect the area they cover from sun, rain, and wind, potentially extending its lifespan.

Additionally, UK regulations require that any alterations to your property comply with building codes, and reputable installers will carry the necessary certifications to ensure a secure and reliable installation.

Does manufacturing solar panels cause more pollution than they save?

This is a common talking point among critics of renewable energy, but it doesn’t stand up to scrutiny. While manufacturing solar panels does involve energy and materials, the overall environmental impact is significantly offset over the panel’s lifetime.

According to studies from the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), most solar panels repay the carbon footprint of their manufacturing process within 1 to 3 years. Given that panels often operate efficiently for 25 to 30 years, they end up producing clean energy for decades after breaking even environmentally.

Furthermore, the solar industry is continuously improving its sustainability standards. Many components – such as aluminium frames and glass – are highly recyclable, and solar recycling infrastructure is growing across Europe.

Solar energy in the UK: steady growth and strong potential

The UK may not have the sunniest climate, but it still receives enough solar radiation to make solar power a worthwhile investment. In fact, solar energy currently accounts for around 4% of the UK’s electricity generation, and this figure continues to rise.

Large-scale solar farms and rooftop installations are becoming increasingly common, supported by initiatives like the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG), which pays homeowners for excess electricity exported to the grid. According to Solar Energy UK, over one million UK homes are now equipped with solar PV systems.

Additionally, interest in green energy has surged in recent years due to rising electricity prices and growing climate concerns. Households and businesses are looking for long-term, reliable solutions – and solar power fits the bill.

Can renters or flat dwellers benefit from solar energy?

Living in a flat or renting a property can make solar installation more complicated, but that doesn’t mean it’s impossible to benefit from solar energy. Several options exist for people who don’t own a suitable roof.

Community solar projects are one alternative. These schemes allow groups of people to share the output of a central solar system and receive credits or reductions on their energy bills. While more common in the U.S. and parts of Europe, such models are slowly expanding in the UK, particularly in areas with strong local councils or co-operative movements.

In shared or council-owned buildings, solar panels are sometimes installed to power communal areas like lifts, lighting, or laundries – reducing service charges for all residents.

Are solar panels hard to maintain?

Not at all. One of the biggest advantages of solar energy is that it requires very little maintenance. Solar panels have no moving parts, which means there’s very little that can go wrong.

Generally, the only upkeep required is occasional cleaning to remove dust, leaves, or bird droppings that might reduce efficiency. In most parts of the UK, rainfall is enough to keep panels relatively clean, though a professional clean once or twice a year can help maintain optimal performance.

Inverters – the component that converts solar electricity to usable AC power – may need replacing after 10–15 years, but this is usually the only major maintenance issue over the lifetime of the system.

Will solar energy eventually replace the grid?

Solar energy is a major part of the future of electricity, but it’s unlikely to fully replace the national grid – at least not in the foreseeable future. Solar power is intermittent, meaning it’s only available during daylight hours and is affected by weather conditions.

However, as battery technology and smart grid systems advance, the role of distributed energy (like home solar) in national energy networks will become increasingly important. Solar power can reduce peak demand, provide backup during outages, and contribute to a more resilient and low-carbon energy system.

Rather than replacing the grid, solar will complement it – helping the UK move towards a cleaner and more decentralised energy model.

Frequently Asked Questions About Solar Energy

How long do solar panels last?
Most panels have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years and retain the majority of their efficiency even at the end of that period.

Can I use solar electricity at night?
Not directly, but battery storage systems allow you to store surplus daytime energy for use at night or during blackouts.

What happens if I generate more energy than I use?
With the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG), you can sell excess electricity back to the grid and receive payments from your energy supplier.

Can I get solar panels if I live in a flat?
It depends on your building, but options include communal installations or participating in a local community solar project.

How much can I save with solar panels?
Savings vary depending on your location and usage, but many homeowners save hundreds of pounds each year, with lifetime savings in the thousands.